What is the primary purpose of disinfection in water distribution?

The primary purpose of disinfection in water distribution is to eliminate pathogens. This process is crucial in ensuring that the water supply is safe for human consumption and does not pose health risks due to the presence of harmful microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. Disinfection methods, such as chlorination or ultraviolet treatment, are employed to effectively kill or inactivate these pathogens, significantly reducing the risk of waterborne diseases.

While improving taste, reducing costs, and increasing pressure might appear to be beneficial aspects of water management, they do not represent the primary goal of disinfection. The foremost objective is health protection through pathogen elimination, which forms the foundation of water quality standards and public health guidelines. Ensuring safe drinking water through disinfection is a critical public health measure that protects communities and enhances overall health outcomes.